Aluminium alloy yog cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam thiab tau siv dav hauv aviation, aerospace, tsheb, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding thiab tshuaj industries. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev tshawb fawb, thev naus laus zis thiab kev lag luam kev lag luam hauv xyoo tas los no, qhov kev thov rau aluminium alloy welded structural qhov chaw yog nce zuj zus nyob rau ib hnub, uas tau coj mus rau qhov kev tshawb fawb tob txog kev weldability ntawm aluminium alloys. Daim ntawv thov dav ntawm aluminium alloys tau txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm aluminium alloy vuam tshuab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txhim kho ntawm vuam tshuab tau nthuav dav daim ntawv thov ntawm aluminium alloys. Yog li ntawd, vuam tshuab ntawm aluminium alloys yog ib qho ntawm qhov kub ntawm kev tshawb fawb.
Qhov ntom ntawm cov ntshiab txhuas yog me me (ρ=2.7g/m3), txog 1/3 ntawm cov hlau, thiab cov ntsiab lus melting tsawg (660 degree). Aluminium muaj lub ntsej muag-centered cubic qauv, yog li nws muaj siab plasticity (δ: 32 ~ 40%, ψ: 70 ~ 90%), yooj yim rau txheej txheem, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam profiles thiab daim hlau. Nws muaj corrosion kuj zoo; Txawm li cas los xij, lub zog ntawm aluminium ntshiab yog tsawg heev, thiab σb tus nqi hauv lub xeev annealed yog li 8kgf / mm2, yog li nws tsis haum rau cov khoom siv. Los ntawm kev xyaum ntau lawm ntev thiab kev sim kev tshawb fawb, tib neeg tau maj mam ntxiv dag zog rau txhuas los ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntsiab lus alloying thiab siv kev kho cua sov, uas ua rau muaj cov txhuas alloys. Cov alloy tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv qee cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov zoo ntawm cov ntshiab txhuas xws li lub teeb thiab lub zog siab, thiab σb tus nqi tuaj yeem ncav cuag 24 ~ 60kgf / mm2. Qhov no ua rau nws "lub zog tshwj xeeb" (qhov piv ntawm lub zog rau lub ntiajteb txawj nqus σb / ρ) zoo dua li ntau cov hlau alloy, ua rau nws cov khoom siv zoo tagnrho thiab siv dav hauv kev tsim khoom, tsheb thauj mus los, lub zog siv hluav taws xob thiab kev lag luam aviation, thiab lwm yam. , nrog rau lub fuselage ntawm aircraft. , tawv, compressors, thiab lwm yam. feem ntau yog ua los ntawm aluminium alloy kom txo lawv tus kheej qhov hnyav. Los ntawm kev siv aluminium alloy es tsis txhob steel phaj cov khoom siv rau vuam, cov qauv hnyav tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm ntau dua 50%.
Aluminium alloy muaj qhov ntom ntom, tab sis kuj muaj lub zog siab, ze rau lossis tshaj cov hlau zoo. Nws muaj plasticity zoo thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv ntau yam profiles. Nws muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev, thermal conductivity thiab corrosion kuj. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, thiab nws kev siv yog thib ob tsuas yog steel. .
Aluminium alloys muab faib ua ob pawg: cam khwb cia txhuas alloys, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv lub xeev cam khwb cia; thiab deformed aluminium alloys, uas tuaj yeem tiv taus kev ua haujlwm siab. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv aluminium alloy cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau yam duab thiab specifications. Feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim cov khoom siv dav hlau, kev tsim kho qhov rooj thiab qhov rais, thiab lwm yam.
Aluminium alloys tau muab faib ua deformed aluminium alloys thiab cam khwb cia txhuas alloys raws li kev ua. Deformed aluminium alloys tau muab faib ua cov uas tsis yog-kub-kho tau muaj zog aluminium alloys thiab kub-kho tau ntxiv dag zog aluminium alloys. Cov yam tsis muaj cua sov-kho tau siv zog ntxiv tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev kho cua sov thiab tsuas tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias deformation. Nws feem ntau suav nrog cov purity aluminium, muaj high-purity txhuas, muaj cov ntshiab txhuas thiab xeb-pov thawj txhuas, thiab lwm yam. Thaum tshav kub kub-kho tau ntxiv dag zog rau aluminium alloys tuaj yeem txhim kho lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev kho cua sov xws li quenching thiab aging. Lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua tawv tawv, forged aluminium, super-hard aluminium thiab tshwj xeeb aluminium alloys.
Qee cov aluminium alloys tuaj yeem kho cua sov kom tau txais cov khoom siv zoo, lub cev muaj zog thiab corrosion kuj.
Cast aluminium alloys tuaj yeem muab faib ua aluminium-silicon alloys, aluminium-tooj alloys, aluminium-magnesium alloys, aluminium-zinc alloys thiab aluminium tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb alloys raws li lawv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Ntawm lawv, aluminium-silicon alloys kuj muaj xws li yooj yim aluminium-silicon alloys (uas tsis tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog los ntawm kev kho cua sov thiab muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg. Casting kev ua tau zoo), tshwj xeeb aluminium-silicon alloy (tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog los ntawm kev kho cua sov, muaj zog txhua yam, zoo casting kev ua tau zoo)
