Aluminium yog ib qho ntawm ntau tshaj cov nyom cov ntsiab lus pom nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb crust, thiab nws kuj yog cov siv dav dav tshaj plaws tsis muaj hlau. Aluminium tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khoom sib xws, xws li txhuas ntawv ci lossis cov xim hlau tshwj xeeb, lossis hauv cov kev thov tshwj xeeb, xws li qhov chaw rau lub nkoj thiab submarines.
Cov khoom ntawm txhuas
Aluminium muaj qhov zoo heev zoo heev thiab muaj kev muaj zog, uas ua rau nws dav siv. Nws cov versityity tso cai rau nws tau ua rau txhuas ntawv ci, thaum nws ductility tso cai rau nws yuav tsum tau kos rau hauv cov pas nrig thiab xaim.
Aluminium kuj tseem tiv taus corrosion, thiab thaum txhuas yog kis rau huab cua, nws ib txwm ua yeeb yaj kiab oxide uas tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm corrosion. Qhov oxidation no tseem tuaj yeem ua rau synthetically los muab kev tiv thaiv muaj zog los ntawm cov khoom. Aluminium lub ntuj tiv thaiv txheej ua rau nws muaj ntau corrosion-resistant ntau dua carbon hlau, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov ntsiab lus chromium ntawm stainless hlau. Ntxiv rau, txhuas yog tus neeg coj ua zoo ntawm tshav kub thiab hluav taws xob, uas yog zoo dua rau cov pa roj carbon thiab stainless hlau hauv ob qho tib si.
Nws nrawm dua thiab yooj yim dua cov txheej txheem dua li cov hlau, thiab nws lub zog dag zog ua rau nws xav tau cov ntawv thov muaj zog, cov khoom siv nyuaj. Aluminium kuj tau ua kom zoo dua, txuag tau txog 95% ntawm lub zog uas yuav tsum tau tsim cov nkauj xwb.
Aluminium muaj qee qhov tsis zoo piv rau cov hlau. Nws tsis yog nyuaj li steel thiab tsis haum rau ntu uas yuav raug rau kev cuam tshuam ntau lossis tsis tshua muaj zog. Aluminium kuj muaj qhov qis dua melting point (660 degree, thaum steel muaj qhov qis dua ntawm txog 1400 degree), yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kub. Nws tseem muaj cov coefficient ntawm thermal expansion, yog li nws tau kub heev thaum ua, nws yuav deform thiab nws yuav nyuaj rau kev ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv nruj.
Txhuas Alloys
Aluminium siv rau cnc machining tsis yog ntshiab txhuas, nws ib txwm muaj cov nyiaj ntawm cov khoom siv xwb. Txheem txhuas tseem muaj 99% mus rau 99.6% Alentage (keeb) los ntawm qhov hnyav, thiab seem seem yog ua silicon, Maganesium, tooj thiab zinc.
Los ntawm kev kho me ntsis cov ntsiab lus ntawm alloy ntsiab, suav txiav alloys tuaj yeem tsim. Cov no ib txwm alloys tau faib rau hauv 9 koob raws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, thiab txhua ntu muaj qee cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li, 3000, 4000, thiab 5000 series alloy alloys tsis tuaj yeem kho tshav kub, tab sis kev ua kom txias, uas yog qhov ua haujlwm hnyav.
Lub ntsiab kain aluminium
1000 series
Ntawm tag nrho cov Series, 1 {00 0 series muaj lub siab tshaj plaws txhuas cov ntsiab lus, nrog kev coj dawb huv ntau dua 99.00%. Vim nws tsis muaj lwm cov hlau, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog qhov yooj yim thiab tus nqi kuj pheej yig. Nws yog feem ntau siv cov koob hauv cov kev lag luam pa. Feem ntau ntawm 1050 thiab 1060 series yog tam sim no ntawm kev ua lag luam.
2000 series
Tus sawv cev qauv ntawm lub 2000 series aluminium alloys yog 2024, 2A16 (LY6). Cov yam ntxwv ntawm 2000 series aluminium yog siab tawv, ntawm cov ntsiab lus tooj liab yog qhov siab tshaj plaws, txog kev ua haujlwm siab, yog ntxiv rau kev txiav kev ua haujlwm. Qhov 2000 series aluminium belongs rau aviation txhuas thiab tsis yog siv hauv kev lag luam cov kev lag luam.
3000 series
Tus sawv cev qauv ntawm 3000 series aluminium alloys feem ntau yog 3003 thiab 3a21. Kuv lub teb chaws 3000 series Aluminium Phaj Cov Khoom Siv Ntau Lawm yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. 3000 series aluminium pas nrig yog tsuas yog muaj li ntawm manganese cov ntsiab lus, nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm 1. {}}. 5, thiab yog ib tug koob nrog anti-xeb muaj nuj nqi. 3004 txhuas tseem muaj cov magnesium thiab yog cov aluminoy ib txwm siv hauv cov kaus poom txhuas cov kaus poom.
4000 series
Tus sawv cev qauv ntawm 4 {{0 00 series alloys alloys yog 4A01. Lub 4000 series aluminium phaj belongs rau ib series nrog cov ntsiab lus silicon siab, feem ntau ntawm 4. {5}}. 0%. Nws yog cov khoom siv tsev, cov khoom forging rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab cov khoom siv vuam. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev melting qis point thiab zoo corrosion tsis kam. 4043 tau siv txhuas yog siv los ua cov hlua khi rau vuam 6000 series alloys alloys, thaum 4047 aluminium yog siv los ua daim phaj nyias thiab cladding hauv kev tsim kho.
5000 series
Tus sawv cev qauv ntawm 5000 series aluminium alloys yog 5052, 5005, 5083, thiab 5A05. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm 5000 series aluminium yog magnesium, thiab cov ntsiab lus magnesium yog nruab nrab ntawm {%, uas tseem tuaj yeem hu ua aluminium alloy. Hauv kuv lub teb chaws, 5000 series aluminium phaj yog ib qho ntawm cov paub tab alin alar al series series. Nws lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog qhov tsis tshua muaj zog, lub zog siab tensile lub zog, siab elongation, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem muaj kev kub ntxhov thiab muaj zog. Qhov hnyav ntawm txhuas-magyium alloy yog qis dua li ntawm lwm daim ntawv hauv qab thaj chaw, thiab nws tseem dav siv hauv kev lag luam cov kev lag luam.
6000 series
Tus sawv cev tus qauv ntawm 6000 series aluminium alloy yog 6061. Qhov 6000 series tsuas muaj ob lub ntsiab, magnesium thiab silicon. Cov koob no feem ntau yog cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab tuaj yeem ua rau mob siab ua ntej. Piv txwv li, 6061 yog tus mob khaub thuas-kho txhuas forging khoom, haum rau cov kev xav tau rau corrosion tsis kam thiab oxidation tsis kam.
7000 series
Tus sawv cev tus qauv ntawm 7000 series alloy alloy yog 7075. Qhov 7000 series belongs rau ntawm aviation series, feem ntau muaj zinc ntsiab, thiab tseem muaj cov tooj liab, chromium thiab magnesium. Nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov muaj zog ntawm txhua tus aluminium alloys txog nag lossis daus. Nws belongs rau super-nyuaj aluminium alloys nrog zoo hnav tsis kam thiab zoo weldability, tab sis tsis zoo corrosion tsis kam.
8000 series
Lub 8 {{0 {{4 4}} 0 s}} 0 series yog lub ntsiab lus dav dav rau aluminium alloys uas tsis yog lwm yam. Piv txwv li, 8176 txhuas muaj 0.6% hlau thiab 0.1% silicon los ntawm qhov hnyav thiab yog siv los ua cov xov hlau.
8 {{0 {4 4}}}}}}}}}} 0 sleakes alloys yog lub ntsiab lus dav dav uas tsis zwm rau cov saum toj no pawg. Cov alloys tuaj yeem muaj ntau lwm cov ntsiab lus, xws li hlau thiab lithium. Piv txwv li, 8176 txhuas muaj 0.6% hlau thiab 0.1% silicon los ntawm qhov hnyav thiab feem ntau siv los ua cov xov hlau.
