Aluminium alloy smelting yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov cam khwb cia zoo. Yog hais tias tus txheej txheem tsis raug tswj kom zoo, ntau yam kev tsis xws luag xws li slag inclusions, pores, coarse grains, thiab feather crystals yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cam khwb cia rods. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis.
Lub melting kub ntawm 6063 aluminium alloy yog zoo dua tswj ntawm 750-760 degree . Yog tias nws qis dhau lawm, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev tsim cov slag suav nrog, thiab yog tias nws siab dhau lawm, nws yuav ua rau kom muaj hydrogen nqus, oxidation, thiab nitridation burning poob. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias solubility ntawm hydrogen nyob rau hauv molten aluminium nce sharply saum 760 degree. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los txo cov kev nqus hydrogen thaum siv cua sov, xws li ziab lub qhov cub smelting thiab cov cuab yeej smelting, thiab tiv thaiv cov flux los ntawm kev ntub dej thiab deteriorating. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kub thiab txias melting yog ib qho ntawm cov rhiab heev. Cov kub melting ntau dhau tsis tsuas yog nkim lub zog thiab nce nqi, tab sis kuj yog qhov ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li pores, coarse grains, thiab feather crystals.
2. Xaiv cov flux zoo heev thiab cov txheej txheem kho kom zoo
Flux yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb uas siv rau hauv aluminium alloy smelting. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov flux tam sim no muag hauv khw yog chloride thiab fluoride. Ntawm lawv, chloride muaj zog nqus dej thiab yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm noo noo. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv raw siv yuav tsum tau qhuav hauv kev tsim cov flux. Ua kom tiav cov dej noo, kaw lub ntim, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thaum thauj thiab khaws cia, thiab ua tib zoo saib rau hnub tsim khoom. Yog tias hnub khaws cia ntev dhau lawm, kev nqus dej kuj tseem tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv lub smelting ntawm 6063 txhuas alloy, lub slag tshem tawm siv, Yog hais tias refining agents, npog cov neeg ua hauj lwm thiab lwm yam fluxes nqus noo noo, cov txhuas kua yuav nqus hydrogen mus txawv degrees.
Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau xaiv ib tug zoo refining tus neeg sawv cev thiab ib tug haum refining txheej txheem. Tam sim no, feem ntau ntawm cov refining ntawm 6063 txhuas alloy txais cov hmoov txau refining. Txoj kev ua kom zoo no tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg sawv cev refining tau sib cuag nrog cov kua txhuas, kom cov neeg ua haujlwm refining tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua. Kev ua tau zoo heev. Txawm hais tias qhov no feature yog pom tseeb, cov txheej txheem refining kuj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau, txwv tsis pub cov nyhuv xav tau yuav tsis tiav. Lub siab nitrogen siv nyob rau hauv cov hmoov refining yuav tsum yog me me, thiab nws yog qhov zoo dua kom muaj peev xwm tshuab tawm cov hmoov. Yog tias cov nitrogen siv hauv kev ua kom zoo tsis yog cov tshuaj purity siab (99.99% N2), cov roj nitrogen ntau tau tshuab rau hauv cov kua txhuas, cov roj fluorine ntau dua yuav ua rau cov kua txhuas oxidize thiab nqus cov hydrogen ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov roj fluorine roj siab yog siab thiab cov dov nthwv dej uas tsim los ntawm cov kua txhuas yog loj, ua rau muaj peev xwm ntawm oxidized slag inclusions. Yog hais tias high-purity nitrogen siv nyob rau hauv refining, lub refining siab yuav siab, ua rau cov npuas loj. Cov npuas loj yuav muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov kua txhuas, thiab cov npuas yuav ntab sai heev. Lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov kua txhuas yuav luv luv, thiab cov nyhuv tshem tawm hydrogen yuav tsis zoo, uas yog khib nyiab. Nitrogen, ntxiv nqi. Yog li ntawd, nitrogen yuav tsum tau siv tsawg dua thiab cov tshuaj refining yuav tsum tau siv ntau dua. Kev siv cov tshuaj refining ntau tsuas muaj qhov zoo thiab tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj tsuag hmoov yog siv cov pa me me li sai tau thiab txau ntau tus neeg ua kom zoo rau hauv cov molten aluminium li sai tau.
3. Cov nplej ua kom zoo
Grain refinement yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv aluminium alloy casting, thiab nws kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov kev ntsuas zoo dua los daws cov teeb meem casting xws li pores, coarse grains, ci muaju, feather crystals, thiab tawg. Nyob rau hauv alloy casting, nws yog non-equilibrium crystallization. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov impurity ntsiab (xws li alloy ntsiab) yog concentrated nyob rau hauv lub grain ciam teb. Qhov me me ntawm cov nplej, qhov loj ntawm cov qoob loo ciam teb. Lub concentration ntawm impurity ntsiab (los yog alloy ntsiab) Qhov siab dua cov uniformity. Rau impurity cov ntsiab lus, siab uniformity yuav txo tau lawv cov teebmeem, thiab txawm tig cov teebmeem ntawm ib tug me me ntawm impurity ntsiab rau hauv cov txiaj ntsig zoo; rau cov ntsiab lus alloy, siab uniformity tuaj yeem siv ntau dua alloying peev xwm ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloy. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv tag nrho cov peev txheej.
Cov teebmeem ntawm refining nplej, ua kom cov qoob loo ciam teb, thiab nce cov khoom sib xws tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm kev suav hauv qab no.
Xav tias cov hlau thaiv 1 thiab 2 muaj tib lub ntim V thiab yog ob qho tib si tsim los ntawm cov nplej nplej. Sab ntev ntawm cov nplej ntawm cov hlau thaiv 1 yog 2a thiab sab ntev ntawm 2 yog a. Tom qab ntawd lub lis piam thaj tsam ntawm cov hlau thaiv 1 yog: Hlau thaiv 2 Lub ciam teb ntawm cov qoob loo yog: Lub lis piam thaj tsam ntawm cov hlau thaiv 2 yog ob npaug ntawm cov hlau thaiv 1. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias yog cov hlau nplaum kab uas hla yog ob npaug, cov qoob loo ciam teb yuav raug muab faib ua ob npaug, thiab cov impurity ntsiab ntawm ib cheeb tsam ntawm cov qoob loo yuav raug muab faib ua ob npaug.
